In this article you will get CBSE Class 10 Science chapter 16, Management of Natural Resources: NCERT Exemplar Problems and Solutions 

Find below the NCERT Exemplar problems and their solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter, Management of Natural Resources:

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Question 1. From the list given below pick the item that is not a natural resource.

(a) Soil

(b) Water

(c) Electricity

(d)Air

Answer. (c)

Explanation:Resources that occur naturally within environment are called as natural resources.

Question 2. The most rapidly dwindling natural resource in the world is

(a) water

(b) forests

(c) wind

(d) sunlight

Answer. (b)

Explanation: Forests are diminishing at a fast pace due to an increase in deforestation to meet the demand of growing population.

Question 3. The most appropriate definition of a natural resource is that it is a substance/commodity that is

(a) present only on land

(b) a gift of nature which is very useful to mankind

(c) a man-made substance placed in nature

(d) available only in the forest

Answer. (b)

Explanation: Resources that occur naturally within environment are called as natural resources.

Question 4. The main cause for abundant coliform bacteria in the river Ganga is:

(a) Disposal of unburnt corpses into water

(b) Discharge of effluents from electroplating industries

(c) Washing of clothes

(d) Immersion of ashes

Answer. (a)

Explanation: Coliform bacteria found is human intestines and in unburnt corpses.

Question 5. The pH of water sample collected from a river was found to be acidic in the range of 3.5-4.5, on the banks of the river were several factories that were discharging effluents into the river. The effluents of which one of the following factories is the most likely cause for lowering the pH of river water?

(a) Soap and detergent factory

(b) Lead battery manufacturing factory

(c) Plastic cup manufacturing factory

(d) Alcohol distillery

Answer. (b)

Explanation: Acid spillage from lead battery manufacturing factory can lower down the pH.

Question 6. The pH range most conducive for life of freshwater plants and animals is

(a) 6.5 – 7.5

(b) 2.0 – 3.5

(c) 3.5 – 5.0

(d) 9.0 – 10.5

Ans. (a)

Explanation: Neutral pH supports all life forms.

Question 7. The three R’s that will help us to conserve natural resources for long term use are

(a) recycle, regenerate, reuse

(b) reduce, regenerate, resuse

(c) reduce, reuse, redistribute

(d) reduce, recycle, reuse

Answer. (d)

Explanation: Reduce, recycle and reuse can conserve the natural resources.

Question 8. Given below are a few statements related to biodiversity. Pick those that correctly describe the concept of biodiversity

(i) Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area.

(ii) Biodiversity refers to only the flora of a given area.

(iii) Biodiversity is greater in a forest.

(iv) Biodiversity refers to the total number of individuals of a particular species living in an area.

(a) (i)and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iv)

(c) (i) and (iii)

(d) (ii) and (iii)

Answer. (c)

Explanation: Biodiversity is total number of species of plants and animals present in a given area.

Question 9. Among the statements given below select the ones that correctly describe the concept of sustainable development?

(i) planned growth with minimum damage to the environment.

(ii) growth irrespective of the extent of damage caused to the environment.

(iii) stopping all development work to conserve the environment.

(iv) growth that is acceptable to all the stakeholders.

(a) (i) and (iv)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(c) (ii) and (iv)

(d) only (iii)

Answer. (a)

Explanation: Sustainable development refers to planned growth with minimum damage to the environment while keeping the future of coming generation in mind.

Question 10. In our country, vast tracts of forests are cleared and a single species of plant is cultivated. This practice promotes

(a) biodiversity in the area

(b) monoculture in the area

(c) growth of natural forest

(d) preserves the natural ecosystem in the area

Answer. (b)

Explanation:Monoculture is cultivation of a single species of plant.

Question 11. A successful forest conservation strategy should involve

(a) Protection of animals at the highest trophic level

(b) Protection of only consumers

(c) Protection of only herbivores

(d) Comprehensive program to protect all the physical and biological components

Answer. (d)

Explanation: Forest conservation strategy should be in accordance to total biotic and abiotic factors.

Question 12. The important message conveyed by the ‘Chipko Movement’ is

(a) To involve the community in forest conservation efforts

(b) To ignore the community in forest conservation efforts

(c) To cut down forest trees for developmental activities

(d) Government agencies have the unquestionable right to order destruction of trees in forests

Answer. (a)

Explanation: ‘Chipko Movement’ represents sacred feelings of community towards the local forest areas.

Question 13. In our country, there are attempts to increase the height of several existing dams like Tehri and Almati, dams across Narmada. Choose the correct statements among the following that are a consequence of raising the height of dams

(i) Terrestrial flora and fauna of the area is destroyed completely.

(ii) Dislocation of people and domestic animals living in the area.

(iii) Valuable agricultural land may be permanently lost.

(iv) It will generate permanent employment for people.

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (i), (ii) and (iii)

(c) (ii) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer. (b)

Explanation:Dam construction causesdestruction of downstream agricultural land and adversely affects the living organisms present there.

Question 14. Expand the abbreviation GAP

(a) Governmental Agency for Pollution Control

(b) Gross Assimilation by Photosynthesis

(c) Ganga Action Plan

(d) Governmental Agency for Animal Protection

Answer. (c)

Explanation: GAP, 1985 came in existence to check water pollution in river Ganga.

Question 15. Select the incorrect statement.

(a) Economic development is linked to environmental conservation.

(b) Sustainable development encourages development for current generation and conservation for resources for futures generations.

(c) Sustainable development does not consider the view points of stakeholders.

(d) Sustainable development is a long planned and persistent development.

Answer. (c)

Explanation: Sustainable developments take into consideration both economic growth and ecological conservation simultaneously.

Question 16. Which of the following is not a natural resource?

(a) Mango tree

(b) Snake

(c) Wind

(d) Wooden house

Answer. (d)

Explanation:Resources that occur naturally within environment are called as natural resources.

Question 17. Select the wrong statement.

(a) Forests provide variety of products

(b) Forests have greater plant diversity

(c) Forests do not conserve soil

(d) Forests conserve water

Answer. (c)

Explanation: In forests, roots of trees firmly hold the soil particles to protect it from flowing away.

Question 18. Arabari forests of Bengal is dominated by

(a) Teak

(b) Sal

(c) Bamboo

(d) Mangrove

Answer. (b)

Explanation:Arabari forests of Bengal are dominated by sal trees.

Question 19. Ground water will not be depleted due to

(a) Afforestation

(b) Thermal power plants

(c) Loss of forest, and decreased rainfall

(d) Cropping of high water demanding crops

Answer. (a)

Explanation:Plantation of trees is called as afforestation.

Question 20. Opposition to the construction of large dams is due to

(a) Social reasons

(b) Economic reasons

(c) Environmental reasons

(d) All of these

Answer. (d)

Explanation: Dam construction adversely affects local flora and fauna by raising social, economic and environmental problems.

Question 21. Khadins, Bundhis, Ahara and Kattas are ancient structures that are examples for

(a) Grains storage

(b) Wood storage

(c) Water harvesting

(d) Soil conservation

Answer. (c)

Explanation: Khadins, Bundhis, Ahara and Kattas are ancient water conservation practices.

Question 22. Pick the right combination of terms which has no fossil fuel.

(a) Wind, ocean and coal

(b) Kerosene, wind and tide

(c) Wind, wood, sun

(d) Petroleum, wood, sun

Answer. (c)

Explanation: Wind and sun are natural resources although wood is a fossil fuel.

Question 23. Select the eco-friendly activity among the following:

(a) Using car for transportation

(b) Using polybags for shopping

(c) Using dyes for colouring clothes

(d) Using windmills to generate power for irrigation

Answer. (d)

Explanation: Wind is a source of renewable energy.

Question 24. It is important to make small check dams across the flooded gullies because they

(i) Hold water for irrigation

(ii) Hold water and prevent soil erosion

(iii) Recharge groundwater

(iv) Hold water permanently

(a) (i) and (iv)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(c) (iii) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer. (b)

Explanation: Small check dams temporary dams across the flooded gullies to prevent adverse effects of flooding on nearby areas and land.

Question 25. Prepare a list of five items that you use daily in the school. Identify from the list such items that can be recycled.

Answer.

List of items used daily in school: Paper, pen, plastic box, scale, eraser, rexin bag, blade, compass and dividers (metallic), steel lunch box, steel spoon, etc.

Recyclable items: Paper, plastic box, eraser, blade, compass, steel lunch box and steel spoon.

Question 26. List two advantages associated with water harvesting at the community level.

Answer.

(i) Water keeps on percolating the ground, resulting in recharging of wells.

(ii) Ground water keeps the layers of soil above it moist preventing soil erosion.

(iii) The stored water provides moisture to the vegetation in and around the area.

Question 27. In a village in Karnataka, people started cultivating crops all around a lake which was always filled with water. They added fertilizers to their field in order to enhance the yield. Soon they discovered that the water body was completely covered with green floating plants and fishes started dying in large numbers.

Analyze the situation and give reasons for excessive growth of plants and death of fish in the lake.

Answer.

Use of fertilizers increased the level of organic nutrients which in turn support the growth of small, green, aquatic plants and the surface of water was completely covered with plants. The process is called as eutrophication. Consumption of oxygen by these plants led to death of fishes and other aquatic animals. Since water surface is covered with these planktons, underwater plants deprived of light and died.

Question 28 What measures would you take to conserve electricity in your house?

Answer.

(i) Switch off fans and lights when not in use.

(ii) Practices using renewable resources like solar radiation and energy and cost efficient CFLs.

Question 29. Although coal and petroleum are produced by degradation of bio-mass, yet we need to conserve them. Why?

Answer.

Coal and petroleum are produced by a long process of degradation which cannot keep pace with exponentially increasing demand of growing population. If not used in sustainable way, these resources will exhaust soon.

Question 30. Suggest a few measures for controlling carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

Answer.

(i) Use of eco-friendly fuel CNG, practices to reduce consumption of fuel in vehicles such as car pool, public transport etc.

(ii) Use of filtering devices to removes carbon dioxide from smoke of thermal power stations and other industries.

(iii) Check deforestation and practice afforestation.

Question 31. I. Locate and name the water reservoirs in figures (a) and (b).

II. Which has an advantage over the other and why?

Answer.

I. (a) pond (b) underground water body

II. Underground water bodies are at advantage because:

(i) water does not evaporate by Sunlight, does not support the growth of pathogens (mosquitoes), does not get contaminated by human and animal waste.

(ii) It serves as source of moisture for crops over a wide area.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 32. In the context of conservation of natural resources explain the terms reduce, recycle and reuse. From among the materials that we use in daily life, identify two materials for each category.

Answer.

Reduce: It means wise and lesser use of resources.

For example: Reduce the use of electricity by switching it off when not in use and reduce the use of water. 

Recycle: It is the process of collection of used items and converting them into new useful things.

For example: Recycling of old newspapers and used note books to form new papier, recycling of plastic, metallic and glass objects to form another useful products.  

Reuse: It means using a thing again and again instead of throwing it away.

For example: Reuse the water from RO in watering plants or washing clothes, reuse of envelopes, glass containers etc. for storage of things.

Question 33. Prepare a list of five activities that you perform daily in which natural resource can be conserved or energy utilization can be minimized.

Answer.

(i) Switch off fans and lights when not in use.

(ii) Practices using renewable resources like solar radiation and energy and cost efficient CFLs.

(iii) Use of eco-friendly fuel CNG, practices to reduce consumption of fuel in vehicles such as car pool, public transport etc.

(iv) Reuse the water from RO in watering plants or washing clothes, reuse of glass containers pickles etc for storage in kitchen.

(v) Use of pressure cooker for cooking to save gas.

Question 34. Is water conservation necessary? Give reasons.

Answer.

Yes, water conservation is necessary because:

(i)Water distribution is uneven and large tracts are deficient in rain as well as groundwater.

(ii) Unequal distribution of water in major parts of our country makes most of the population face water scarcity.

(iii) Requirement of water for urban and industrial areas is higher than availability.

(iv) Seasonal rainfall pose a need for irrigation to crops.

Question 35. Suggest a few useful ways of utilizing waste water.

Answer.

(i) Use of waste water for recharging the ground water.

(ii) Use of waste water for irrigation.

(iii) Use of waste water/RO water in household activities like washing clothes, cleaning etc.

(iv) Treatment of municipal water followed by its use for cleaning purposed and watering plants etc.

Question 36. What is the importance of forest as a resource?

Answer.

Forests are renewable natural resource and serve as

(i)  Source of food and shelter for wildlife thereby play important role in conservation of biodiversity.

(ii) Help improving water holding capacity of soil and prevent soil erosion.

(iii) Source of rainfall and moisture

(iv) Source of atmospheric oxygen and remove harmful carbon dioxide from atmosphere during photosynthesis thereby turning a harmful gas into the only source of organic compounds on earth.

(v) Regulates water cycle.

(vi) Serves as source of fuel, wood, timber, fruits, resins, food etc.

Question 37. Why are the Arabari forests of Bengal known to be a good example of conserved forest?

Answer.

The Arabari forests located in Midnapur district of West Bengal were badly degraded. West Bengal Forest Department, 1972 planned to revive the degraded woods by involving the villagers of the surrounding area to the protect 1272 hectares of this forest. In return villagers were benefitted by getting employment in silviculture and harvesting. They were allowed to collect wood and fodder on payment of nominal fee. The people cooperated with full vigour as the regained their rights to forest produce.  In this way, by the active and willing participation of the local people, the sal forests of Arabari were conserved.