Class 10 Social Science Chapter 5 Print Culture and the Modern World (History) Practice Paper 3

Class: X Subject: Social Science Session: 2025-26 Chapter: 05 - Print Culture and the Modern World Time: 1½ Hours Max. Marks: 40

General Instructions:

1. All questions are compulsory.

2. This question paper contains 20 questions divided into five sections A, B, C, D and E.

3. Section A contains 10 MCQs of 1 mark each.

4. Section B contains 4 questions of 2 marks each.

5. Section C contains 3 questions of 3 marks each.

6. Section D contains 1 question of 5 marks.

7. Section E contains 2 Case Study Based questions of 4 marks each.

SECTION A - Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)

Q1. Which material was used for making traditional Chinese 'accordion books'?
(a) Vellum
(b) Paper
(c) Silk
(d) Bamboo

Q2. In which city was Gutenberg's printing press developed?
(a) Venice
(b) Paris
(c) Strasbourg
(d) London

Q3. How long did it take Gutenberg to print 180 copies of the Bible?
(a) One year
(b) Two years
(c) Three years
(d) Four years

Q4. By which year had printing presses been set up in most countries of Europe?
(a) 1450-1550
(b) 1550-1650
(c) 1650-1750
(d) 1750-1850

Q5. Who was Menocchio?
(a) An Italian printer
(b) An Italian miller who reinterpreted the Bible
(c) A French philosopher
(d) A German reformer

Q6. What was the name of the newspaper published by Rammohun Roy from 1821?
(a) Bengal Gazette
(b) Sambad Kaumudi
(c) Samachar Chandrika
(d) Bombay Samachar

Q7. In which year was the Deoband Seminary founded?
(a) 1857
(b) 1867
(c) 1877
(d) 1887

Q8. Which press published numerous religious texts in vernaculars in the nineteenth century?
(a) Naval Kishore Press
(b) Oxford Press
(c) Cambridge Press
(d) Macmillan Press

Q9. What was the title of the book written by Ram Chaddha to teach women obedience?
(a) Amar Jiban
(b) Istri Dharm Vichar
(c) Gulamgiri
(d) Burhi Aair Sadhu

Q10. In which year was Bal Gangadhar Tilak imprisoned for writing sympathetically about Punjab revolutionaries?
(a) 1905
(b) 1907
(c) 1908
(d) 1909

SECTION B - Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)

Q11. Why did the oral and reading cultures become blurred with the coming of print?

Q12. What was the difference between handwritten manuscripts and printed books in their early years?

Q13. Who was Louise-Sebastien Mercier and what did he believe about the power of print?

Q14. Name two European artists who were influenced by Japanese ukiyo prints.

SECTION C - Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)

Q15. How did print diversify in China from the sixteenth to the seventeenth century? Explain with examples.

Q16. Explain how lending libraries and workers' libraries helped in educating the lower classes in the nineteenth century.

Q17. Describe the challenges women faced in accessing education and reading material in nineteenth century India.

SECTION D - Long Answer Question (5 marks)

Q18. How did the printing press come to India? Trace the development of print culture in India from the sixteenth century to the late eighteenth century.

SECTION E - Case Study Based Questions (4 marks each)

Q19. Case Study 1: "Printing of visual material led to interesting publishing practices in Japan. In the late eighteenth century, in the flourishing urban circles at Edo (later to be known as Tokyo), illustrated collections of paintings depicted an elegant urban culture, involving artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings. Libraries and bookstores were packed with hand-printed material of various types – books on women, musical instruments, calculations, tea ceremony, flower arrangements, proper etiquette, cooking and famous places." Based on the above passage, answer the following questions:

(i) What was depicted in the illustrated collections of paintings in Edo? (1 mark) (ii) Name any three types of books available in Japanese libraries and bookstores. (2 marks) (iii) What does this tell us about Japanese urban culture in the eighteenth century? (1 mark)

Q20. Case Study 2: "Through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries literacy rates went up in most parts of Europe. Churches of different denominations set up schools in villages, carrying literacy to peasants and artisans. By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 per cent. As literacy and schools spread in European countries, there was a virtual reading mania." Based on the above passage, answer the following questions: (i) Which institutions helped spread literacy to villages in Europe? (1 mark) (ii) What were the literacy rates in some parts of Europe by the end of the eighteenth century? (1 mark) (iii) What was the result of the spread of literacy and schools in Europe? (2 marks) DETAILED ANSWER KEY - PAPER 03

SECTION A - Answers to MCQs

Ans 1.
(b) Paper Books in China were printed by rubbing paper, which was invented in China, against the inked surface of woodblocks. The traditional Chinese 'accordion book' was made by folding and stitching paper at the side. Ans 2.
(c) Strasbourg The breakthrough in printing occurred at Strasbourg, Germany, where Johann Gutenberg developed the first-known printing press in the 1430s. Ans 3.
(c) Three years Gutenberg printed about 180 copies of the Bible and it took three years to produce them. By the standards of the time, this was fast production.

Ans 4.
(a) 1450-1550 In the hundred years between 1450 and 1550, printing presses were set up in most countries of Europe as printers from Germany travelled to other countries. Ans 5.
(b) An Italian miller who reinterpreted the Bible In the sixteenth century, Menocchio, a miller in Italy, began to read books and reinterpreted the message of the Bible, formulating views that enraged the Roman Catholic Church. Ans 6.
(b) Sambad Kaumudi Rammohun Roy published the Sambad Kaumudi from 1821 to spread his reformist ideas.

Ans 7.
(b) 1867 The Deoband Seminary was founded in 1867 and published thousands of fatwas telling Muslim readers how to conduct themselves in their everyday lives. Ans 8.
(a) Naval Kishore Press From the 1880s, the Naval Kishore Press at Lucknow and the Shri Venkateshwar Press in Bombay published numerous religious texts in vernaculars. Ans 9.
(b) Istri Dharm Vichar In Punjab, Ram Chaddha published the fast-selling Istri Dharm Vichar to teach women how to be obedient wives. Ans 10.
(c) 1908 When Punjab revolutionaries were deported in 1907, Bal Gangadhar Tilak wrote with great sympathy about them in his Kesari. This led to his imprisonment in 1908.

SECTION B - Answers to Short Answer Questions

Ans 11. The oral and reading cultures became blurred with the coming of print because: • Even those who did not read could enjoy listening to books being read out. • Printers began publishing popular ballads and folk tales with profuse illustrations. • These books would be sung and recited at gatherings in villages and in taverns in towns. • Oral culture thus entered print, and printed material was orally transmitted, making the hearing public and reading public become intermingled. Ans 12. Differences between handwritten manuscripts and early printed books:

• Printed books at first closely resembled written manuscripts in appearance and layout. • The metal letters imitated ornamental handwritten styles. • Borders were still illuminated by hand with foliage and other patterns, and illustrations were painted. • In books printed for the rich, space for decoration was kept blank on the printed page so purchasers could choose designs and painting schools for illustrations. Ans 13. Louise-Sebastien Mercier and his beliefs about print: • Louise-Sebastien Mercier was a novelist in eighteenth-century France.

• He believed that books were a means of spreading progress and enlightenment and could change the world. • He declared: "The printing press is the most powerful engine of progress and public opinion is the force that will sweep despotism away." • He proclaimed: "Tremble, therefore, tyrants of the world! Tremble before the virtual writer!" Ans 14. Two European artists influenced by Japanese ukiyo prints:

1. Édouard Manet

2. Claude Monet (Also accept: Vincent Van Gogh)

SECTION C - Answers to Short Answer Questions

Ans 15. Print diversified in China from the sixteenth to the seventeenth century: Sixteenth Century: • The number of examination candidates went up in China. • This increased the volume of print as textbooks for civil service examinations were printed in vast numbers under imperial sponsorship. • Print was mainly used by scholar-officials and the imperial state was the major producer. Seventeenth Century: • As urban culture bloomed in China, the uses of print diversified significantly. • Print was no longer used just by scholar-officials but also by merchants who collected trade information.

• Reading increasingly became a leisure activity for common people. • The new readership preferred fictional narratives, poetry, autobiographies, anthologies of literary masterpieces, and romantic plays. • Rich women began to read, and many women began publishing their poetry and plays. • Wives of scholar-officials published their works and courtesans wrote about their lives. Ans 16. Lending libraries and workers' libraries helped educate the lower classes: • Lending libraries had been in existence from the seventeenth century onwards.

• In the nineteenth century, lending libraries in England became instruments for educating white-collar workers, artisans, and lower-middle-class people. • After the working day was gradually shortened from the mid-nineteenth century, workers had time for self-improvement and self-expression. • Workers wrote political tracts and autobiographies in large numbers, narrating their struggles to read. • By the 1930s, Bangalore cotton millworkers set up libraries to educate themselves, following the example of Bombay workers.

• These libraries were sometimes sponsored by social reformers who tried to bring literacy and propagate nationalism among workers. Ans 17. Challenges women faced in accessing education and reading material: • Not all families were liberal - many were conservative and opposed women's education. • Conservative Hindus believed that a literate girl would be widowed, creating superstitious barriers to education. • Muslims feared that educated women would be corrupted by reading Urdu romances. • Women in orthodox households had to learn secretly, like Rashsundari Debi who learnt to read in the secrecy of her kitchen.

• Women were often confined to homes and kept in ignorance, forced to do hard domestic labour. • They had limited access to educational materials and schools for women were only set up in cities and towns after the mid-nineteenth century. • Despite these challenges, some rebel women defied prohibitions to learn reading and writing.

SECTION D - Answer to Long Answer Question

Ans 18. The development of print culture in India from the sixteenth to late eighteenth century: Sixteenth Century - Portuguese Missionaries: • The printing press first came to Goa with Portuguese missionaries in the mid-sixteenth century. • Jesuit priests learnt Konkani and printed several tracts. • By 1674, about 50 books had been printed in the Konkani and Kanara languages. Late Sixteenth Century - Tamil and Malayalam: • Catholic priests printed the first Tamil book in 1579 at Cochin. • In 1713, the first Malayalam book was printed by Catholic priests.

Early Eighteenth Century - Dutch Missionaries: • By 1710, Dutch Protestant missionaries had printed 32 Tamil texts. • Many of these were translations of older works. Late Seventeenth Century - East India Company: • The English East India Company began to import presses from the late seventeenth century. • However, the English language press did not grow in India till quite late. • As late as 1768, William Bolts tried to encourage printing in Calcutta but left for England soon after. 1780 - Beginning of English Printing:

• From 1780, James Augustus Hickey began to edit the Bengal Gazette, a weekly magazine. • It described itself as 'a commercial paper open to all, but influenced by none'. • It was private English enterprise, proud of its independence from colonial influence, that began English printing in India. • Hickey published advertisements (including those for slave trade) and gossip about Company officials. Late Eighteenth Century - Government Response: • Governor-General Warren Hastings was enraged by Hickey's publications and persecuted him.

• He encouraged publication of officially sanctioned newspapers to counter independent reporting. • By the close of the eighteenth century, a number of newspapers and journals appeared in print. • Indians also began to publish newspapers - the first was the weekly Bengal Gazette by Gangadhar Bhattacharya, who was close to Rammohun Roy.

SECTION E - Answers to Case Study Based Questions

Ans 19. (i) The illustrated collections depicted an elegant urban culture involving artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings. (ii) Three types of books available in Japanese libraries and bookstores were: • Books on women and musical instruments • Books on tea ceremony and flower arrangements • Books on calculations, proper etiquette, cooking, and famous places (Any three acceptable) (iii) This tells us that Japanese urban culture in the eighteenth century was flourishing, sophisticated, and diverse, with people interested in various aspects of art, culture, etiquette, and daily life skills.

Ans 20. (i) Churches of different denominations set up schools in villages that helped spread literacy to peasants and artisans in Europe. (ii) By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 per cent. (iii) The result of the spread of literacy and schools in Europe was: • There was a virtual reading mania as people wanted books to read. • Printers produced books in ever-increasing numbers to meet the demand. • New forms of popular literature appeared in print, targeting new audiences.

• Booksellers employed pedlars who roamed around villages carrying little books for sale, making reading material accessible even to common people.